I use some mainstream aligners (BWA, Razers3) to map human's single-end reads to hg19. And I notice that some reverse complemented reads map to the reference in the result SAM file, for FLAG is set to be 16 or 272 (256+16) in some of the alignment result. I am confused about when do the aligners reverse complement input reads and map them. Do the aligners always do this job or they just do this when a read in forward fails to map on the reference?
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The field of epigenetics has traditionally concentrated more on DNA and how changes like methylation and phosphorylation of histones impact gene expression and regulation. However, our increased understanding of RNA modifications and their importance in cellular processes has led to a rise in epitranscriptomics research. “Epitranscriptomics brings together the concepts of epigenetics and gene expression,” explained Adrien Leger, PhD, Principal Research Scientist on Modified Bases...-
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Proteins are often described as the workhorses of the cell, and identifying their sequences is key to understanding their role in biological processes and disease. Currently, the most common technique used to determine protein sequences is mass spectrometry. While still a valuable tool, mass spectrometry faces several limitations and requires a highly experienced scientist familiar with the equipment to operate it. Additionally, other proteomic methods, like affinity assays, are constrained...-
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