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  • HiSAT2 RNAseq alignment low + stranded data predicted to be unstranded

    Hi all,

    I have been receiving some confusing output with an RNA-seq dataset that I am trying to ultimately determine differential expression and fpkm values for.

    Background: Library prep was stranded TruSeq (dUTP method) of mouse metatranscriptome and was given assembled contigs of transcriptome (Trinity) across 18 samples as well as RNA seq fastq files, performed on 4 lanes and two mate pair files, for each of these samples.

    I ran HiSAT2 three times on one of the samples' pairs of reads with the following options (-fr, -rf and -ff) to make sure I am aligning using the correct strandedness (threw in -ff for funsies) but all gave the same output, with really only half maybe of the pairs aligning:

    Code:
    hisat2 -fr -x  ../../contigs/Sample_120507/Sample_120507 -q -1 120507_CGATGT_S1_L001_R1_001.fastq -2 120507_CGATGT_S1_L001_R2_001.fa
    stq -S fr.sam
    
    RESULTS:
    6185153 reads; of these:
      6185153 (100.00%) were paired; of these:
        5629996 (91.02%) aligned concordantly 0 times
        475008 (7.68%) aligned concordantly exactly 1 time
        80149 (1.30%) aligned concordantly >1 times
        ----
        5629996 pairs aligned concordantly 0 times; of these:
          1575716 (27.99%) aligned discordantly 1 time
        ----
        4054280 pairs aligned 0 times concordantly or discordantly; of these:
          8108560 mates make up the pairs; of these:
            3511037 (43.30%) aligned 0 times
            3273195 (40.37%) aligned exactly 1 time
            1324328 (16.33%) aligned >1 times
    71.62% overall alignment rate
    
    
    hisat2 -rf -x  ../../contigs/Sample_120507/Sample_120507 -q -1 120507_CGATGT_S1_L001_R1_001.fastq -2 120507_CGATGT_S1_L001_R2_001.fastq -S rf.sam
    
    6185153 reads; of these:
      6185153 (100.00%) were paired; of these:
        5629996 (91.02%) aligned concordantly 0 times
        475008 (7.68%) aligned concordantly exactly 1 time
        80149 (1.30%) aligned concordantly >1 times
        ----
        5629996 pairs aligned concordantly 0 times; of these:
          1575716 (27.99%) aligned discordantly 1 time
        ----
        4054280 pairs aligned 0 times concordantly or discordantly; of these:
          8108560 mates make up the pairs; of these:
            3511037 (43.30%) aligned 0 times
            3273195 (40.37%) aligned exactly 1 time
            1324328 (16.33%) aligned >1 times
    71.62% overall alignment rate
    
    
    hisat2 -ff -x  ../../contigs/Sample_120507/Sample_120507 -q -1 120507_CGATGT_S1_L001_R1_001.fastq -2 120507_CGATGT_S1_L001_R2_001.fastq -S ff.sam
    
    RESULTS:
    6185153 reads; of these:
      6185153 (100.00%) were paired; of these:
        5629996 (91.02%) aligned concordantly 0 times
        475008 (7.68%) aligned concordantly exactly 1 time
        80149 (1.30%) aligned concordantly >1 times
        ----
        5629996 pairs aligned concordantly 0 times; of these:
          1575716 (27.99%) aligned discordantly 1 time
        ----
        4054280 pairs aligned 0 times concordantly or discordantly; of these:
          8108560 mates make up the pairs; of these:
            3511037 (43.30%) aligned 0 times
            3273195 (40.37%) aligned exactly 1 time
            1324328 (16.33%) aligned >1 times
    71.62% overall alignment rate
    To further complicate things, I ran infer_experiment.py from RseQC to double check that the data is indeed stranded and all my results came back as suggesting unstranded paired reads:

    Code:
    $ infer_experiment.py -i ff.sam -r ../Sample_120507/fragGeneScan.gff.bed
    Reading reference gene model ../Sample_120507/fragGeneScan.gff.bed ... Done
    
    Loading SAM/BAM file ...  Total 200000 usable reads were sampled
    
    
    This is PairEnd Data
    Fraction of reads failed to determine: 0.0005
    Fraction of reads explained by "1++,1--,2+-,2-+": 0.5232
    Fraction of reads explained by "1+-,1-+,2++,2--": 0.4764
    
    
    $ infer_experiment.py -i rf.sam -r ../Sample_120507/fragGeneScan.gff.bed
    Reading reference gene model ../Sample_120507/fragGeneScan.gff.bed ... Done
    Loading SAM/BAM file ...  Total 200000 usable reads were sampled
    
    
    This is PairEnd Data
    Fraction of reads failed to determine: 0.0005
    Fraction of reads explained by "1++,1--,2+-,2-+": 0.5232
    Fraction of reads explained by "1+-,1-+,2++,2--": 0.4764
    
    
    $ infer_experiment.py -i fr.sam -r ../Sample_120507/fragGeneScan.gff.bed
    Reading reference gene model ../Sample_120507/fragGeneScan.gff.bed ... Done
    Loading SAM/BAM file ...  Total 200000 usable reads were sampled
    
    
    This is PairEnd Data
    Fraction of reads failed to determine: 0.0005
    Fraction of reads explained by "1++,1--,2+-,2-+": 0.5232
    Fraction of reads explained by "1+-,1-+,2++,2--": 0.4764
    But the sequencing core assured me that they were using a stranded protocol. I am thinking maybe the issues of low alignment as well as the [un]stranded issue may be related and due to something that I am missing here, or maybe there is not an issue here and the results are fine.

    Any thoughts/suggestions would be much appreciated!

  • #2
    Having seen a head to head (some time ago) between multiple 'stranded' RNA library kits, I can attest that there are degrees of how good they are, running all the way from 'not stranded at all' to 'really quite stranded'. I don't recall if this kit was one of the under-performers however.

    Although I might want to see some traceability from whoever did the sequencing to demonstrate that they actually used a stranded kit...

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